American Red Squirrel

The American red squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) is a small, vocal, and highly active rodent. In Banff National Park, they are the most common mammal in coniferous forests, where their scolding chatter is a constant background sound.

Identification

Small (11–14 inches long), with reddish-brown fur, a white belly, and a bushy tail. They have large, dark eyes and white rings around them. Red squirrels are much smaller than the gray squirrels common in eastern North America and are known for their territorial and aggressive behavior.

Habitat and Diet

Red squirrels are strictly associated with coniferous forests. They feed primarily on the seeds of spruce, fir, and pine trees. They harvest cones and store them in large piles called “middens,” which can be used for several years. They also eat mushrooms, berries, and occasionally bird eggs.

Viewing

Red squirrels are easily seen and heard in the forests near the Village and the Lakeshore. Look for middens (large piles of cone scales) at the base of mature trees. They will often “bark” at hikers from a safe distance on a branch.