Indian Paintbrush

Indian paintbrush refers to several species in the genus Castilleja in Banff National Park; most commonly red paintbrush (C. miniata) and sulphur paintbrush (C. sulphurea). Their bright, colourful bracts (often mistaken for petals) adorn meadows and open forests from montane to alpine.

Identification

Herbaceous perennial (20–60 cm); narrow, often lobed leaves; spikes of tubular flowers surrounded by brightly coloured bracts; red, orange, yellow, or pink depending on species. The actual flowers are small and green; the showy bracts attract pollinators.

Habitat

Montane to alpine; meadows, open forests, and subalpine glades. Often with fireweed, common harebell, and heart-leaved arnica. Blooms June to August.

Ecology

Semi-parasitic; roots attach to host plants (grasses, sagebrush) to obtain nutrients. Nectar source for hummingbirds and butterflies. Do not pick; plants are sensitive and slow to recover.